Which type of annuities is known for the highest surrender charge percentages and longest surrender charge periods?

Indexed annuities are known for having the highest surrender charge percentages and the longest surrender charge periods. This is primarily because they often include features that are designed to provide potential for higher returns linked to a market index, while also providing some downside protection.

The structure of indexed annuities typically involves a longer commitment from the policyholder in exchange for these benefits. The surrender charges can be substantial, as they are meant to recoup the insurance company’s initial costs and expenses associated with the product if the policyholder decides to withdraw funds or cancel the contract before the surrender period ends. This surrender period can stretch up to 10 years or more, which is longer than most other types of annuities.

The creation of these surrender charges is fundamentally tied to the annuity's design and the potential for returns based on market performance, as well as the investment guarantees that the insurance company provides. This balance between risk and security is why indexed annuities exhibit these characteristics compared to other annuity types.